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JAMA:破除“谣言”!儿童服用高剂量维生素D并不能减少冬季感冒

2017-07-20 佚名 生物探索

在过去的30年中,维生素D被认为在预防或减少感冒等方面起着重要作用。然而,本周,发表在JAMA杂志上的一项研究却发现,给儿童服用高剂量的维生素D并不能减少冬季感冒的发生。



7月18日,发表在JAMA杂志上题为“Effect of High-Dose vs Standard-Dose Wintertime Vitamin D Supplementation on Viral Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Young Healthy Children”的研究证实,给儿童服用高剂量的维生素D并不能减少冬季感冒的发生。

在这一研究中,儿科医生Jonathon Maguire博士领导了一项随机临床试验,其中,350名健康儿童在冬天被给予了标准计量的维生素D滴剂,而另外350名儿童服用了高剂量的维生素D。

结果表明,平均来说,标准计量组的儿童每个冬天感冒1.91次(1.91 colds per winter),而高剂量组的儿童每个冬天感冒1.97次。研究人员表示,这并没有统计学差异。

感冒和上呼吸道其它病毒感染是儿童中最常见的感染性疾病。在过去的30年中,维生素D被认为在预防或减少这些感染方面起着重要作用。但Maguire博士称,几乎没有关于这方面的临床试验数据来证明这一点。

这项名为DOIT(The vitamin D Outcomes and Interventions in Toddlers)的试验旨在调查,与美国儿科学会推荐的剂量(400IU/day)相比,高剂量(2,000 IU/day)口服维生素D滴剂对1-5岁儿童的影响。每名儿童在一年的9月至11月开始服用滴剂,持续服用到次年的4月或5月。

参与这一临床试验的儿童同时正在参加一个名为TARGet Kids!的项目。该项目从儿童一出生就对其进行跟踪,旨在了解和预防生命早期常见的营养问题,以最小化这些问题对以后生活中健康和疾病的影响。

Maguire博士说:“我们可能打破了一个‘谣言’(We may have just bust a myth.)。更多并不总是更好。我们的发现并不支持在健康儿童中日常使用高剂量维生素D来预防冬季上呼吸道感染。”



补充维生素D防止感冒争议不断

事实上,关于补充维生素D能否预防感冒,今年发表在British Medical Journal上的一项研究引起了很大的争论。2月15日,这篇题为“Vitamin D supplementation to prevent acute respiratory tract infections: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data”的研究声称,维生素D补充剂能够让英国每年有超过300万人免于感冒或流感。

相关报道称,先前,利用维生素D补充剂来预防感染的试验得出了不同的结果。在这一研究中,科学家们汇集了来自25个独立试验(涉及11,321人)的数据,希望能够找到一个明确的答案。总体来说,该研究表示,每33个服用维生素D补充剂的人中能有一人将免于感染。

英国公共卫生署(Public Health England,PHE)已经建议每个人在秋季和冬季服用维生素D补充剂。同时,PHE还建议那些很少能晒到太阳的人全年服用维生素D补充剂。

据BBC报道,不同的专家对该研究结论有着不同的看法。PHE的营养科学主管Louis Levy认为,这一研究未能提供足够的证据支持推荐补充维生素D来降低呼吸道感染的风险。

但伯明翰大学的Martin Hewison教授说:“尽管这一发现是惊人的,但我同意作者们的观点。这一研究支持维生素D除对骨骼健康有益处外,还有新的适应症。”

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    2017-07-20 有备才能无患

    尽管这一发现是惊人的,但我同意作者们的观点。这一研究支持维生素D除对骨骼健康有益处外,还有新的适应症。”

    0

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    2017-07-20 楠博One

    什么论点啊

    0

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    2017-07-20 中医痴

    不错的,学习了,谢谢分享!

    0

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新的研究表明,踢足球可以改善青少年男孩的骨骼发育。在一项关于青少年足球运动员、游泳运动员、自行车运动员和不参加常规运动的对照组的研究中,埃克塞特大学的科学家们发现,经过一年的足球训练后,青少年足球运动员的骨骼发育显着改善。

Eur Respir J:城市绿色和灰色空间与儿童呼吸健康的关系!

由此可见,城市住宅绿色和灰色指数与呼吸道疾病之间的相关性随着区域不同而有所差异。这些联系背后的途径需要进一步进行研究探索。

New Zealand Med J:儿童在车内接触二手烟的风险日渐增加!

新的证据显示,五分之一的儿童在汽车中继续遭受烟雾损害,而且这种暴露在2015年甚至有所增加。

Br J HaematolL:预防性治疗能降低严重血友病甲或乙患儿的脑出血风险

血友病,是一组由于血液中某些凝血因子的缺乏而导致患者产生严重凝血障碍的遗传性出血性疾病,男女均可发病,但绝大部分患者为男性。血友病在先天性出血性疾病中最为常见,出血是该病的主要临床表现。该病的出血大多为创伤后出血,只是有时创伤极轻微而未被注意,因而似乎是“自发”出血。出血部位常在较深的组织,包括关节、肌肉、脑、腹膜后血肿,出血部位肿胀及疼痛是主要的症状。

J Hypertens:儿童和青少年种族和动脉僵硬度之间的相关性分析!

由此可见,该研究的结果表明黑人青春期高cf-PWV值较高,独立于血压值。因此,该研究的数据表明青春期是成人黑人血管轮廓出现的关键阶段。

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