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Cell Chem Biol:新研究将帮助我们获得一类更好的抗癌新药!

2018-01-24 sunshine2015 来宝网

在《细胞化学生物学》杂志上的一项研究使用了一种新的方法来揭示药物如何与新的癌症目标结合。

研究揭示了我们怎样才能制造更好的抗癌药物?

在《细胞化学生物学》杂志上的一项研究使用了一种新的方法来揭示药物如何与新的癌症目标结合。

杀死细胞并不困难。然而,杀死癌细胞同时使健康的细胞完好无损,是另一回事。

瑞典乌普萨拉大学(Uppsala University)和斯德哥尔摩卡罗林斯卡研究所(Karolinska Institute)的研究人员以及英国牛津大学的同事可能已经通过开发一种新技术来展示药物如何抑制新癌症靶点二氢乳清酸脱氢酶(DHODH)。

罗林斯卡研究所微生物,肿瘤和细胞生物学系的助理教授 Michael Landreh博士,他今天告诉医学新闻关于这个团队的研究。

在Karolinksa研究所的实验室最近发现,选择性杀死癌细胞,同时使健康组织不受影响的可能性,他在广泛的抗癌活性中以无偏见的筛选方法鉴定了DHODH抑制剂。

但研究哪种药物有效地关闭膜结合蛋白,如DHODH,在技术上是非常具有挑战性的。团队不得不开发一种新技术来克服这些困难。

化学和计算机模拟

DHODH是一种位于线粒体膜上的酶,是细胞的强大动力。在这里,它参与了合成新的DNA构建模块,遗传密码。这个过程对细胞分裂是至关重要的,关闭它已被证明有效杀死乳腺癌细胞。

使用称为本地质谱的化学技术,研究小组可以确定哪些分子与DHODH结合。

科学家经常从细胞中分离出新的药物化合物。然而,细胞膜含有不同种类的脂质(或脂肪分子),因此Landreh教授和他的同事们研究了DHODH与线粒体脂质的组合。

研究小组的研究结果表明,潜在的癌症药物brequinar在存在脂质的情况下更强烈地抑制DHODH。

Landreh教授说:“令我们吃惊的是,我们看到一种药物似乎更好地结合到类脂分子存在的酶上。

接下来,Erik Marklund博士 - 来自乌普萨拉大学化学系的研究小组和他的团队使用分子动力学模拟来展示DHODH,脂质和布喹那之间的这些相互作用是如何发生的。

药物模仿天然底物

辅酶Q10激活DHODH。 Marklund的分析显示了Q10如何与DHODH结合:需要脂质来稳定两者之间的相互作用。

“我们的模拟结果表明,这种酶使用少量脂质作为膜中的锚,当与这些脂质结合时,一小部分酶会折叠成一个适配器,使得酶可以将其天然底物从膜上提取出来,”Marklund解释说。

他补充说:“似乎这种药物,因为它绑定在同一个地方,利用相同的机制。

在论文中,他进一步建议DHODH抑制剂的设计应特别利用酶与脂质之间的这种相互作用。

来自Karolinska研究所的合作者David Lane教授在评论研究的影响时说:“这项研究有助于解释为什么一些药物与细胞内分离的蛋白质和蛋白质结合不同。”

David Lane博士说:“通过研究癌症靶标的本地结构和机制,可以利用其最明显的特征来设计新的更具选择性的治疗方法。”

团队如何计划在抗癌方面使用这一发现?

“该小组现在旨在利用DHODH的特异性膜结合能力来更好地调整它们的抑制剂以允许癌细胞中酶的更具体的抑制。”兰德雷教授告诉MNT。

原始出处:

Joana Costeira-Paulo, Joseph Gault, Gergana Popova,et al. Lipids Shape the Electron Acceptor-Binding Site of the Peripheral Membrane Protein Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase. Cell Chemical Biology, January 18, 2018

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    2018-03-02 维他命
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    2018-11-03 sunylz
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